Outcome Findings In Neonatal Sepsis: Early Diagnosis & Management Strategies

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis functions as a principal cause of newborn sickness and mortality across all regions especially areas lacking adequate financial resources. Successful diagnosis paired with the right medical treatment provides the foundation needed to improve treatment results. Risk factors including current improvements in neonatal care management continue to present clinical obstacles due to imprecise diagnostic procedures together with scarce testing procedures and region-specific pathogenic factors.

Objectives: to discover early diagnosis indicators which help develop effective management approaches to improve neonatal sepsis treatment results.

Study design: A Prospective Study.

Place and duration of study. Department of Pediatric Medical Teaching Institute Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar from 07-jan 2023 to 07-jan 2024

Methods: 150 children who might have sepsis while they received care in the NICU. The diagnostic strategy employed detailed assessment methods for suspected sepsis cases in neonates and it combined blood culture testing and C-reactive protein and procalcitonin analyses. The software implementation incorporated antibiotics and supportive care and sepsis bundle components while statistical analyses established relationships between early warning indicators using significant p-values.

Results :150 patients whose average age was 4.2 days (SD 1.5 days). Stock concentrations of C-reactive protein measured through laboratory tests fell within 8.2 mg/L while bacterial samples were identified in 60% of blood laboratory results. The relationship between procalcitonin test results and sepsis severity evaluation produced a statistical finding of p<0.001. Hospital patients who received treatment with antibiotics early during suspected sepsis experienced a 25% drop in mortality rate (0.02 p value). Our research indicated that combining fluid resuscitation and oxygen therapy as supportive treatments resulted in shorter recovery times (p<0.05). Hospital mortality rates reached 10% compared to a regional standard of 20%.

Conclusion: Early sepsis diagnosis in newborns together with appropriate and swift treatment implementation effectively reduces their chances of death and unfavorable health results. Procalcitonin biomarker screening needs integration with NICU sepsis management bundles to optimize NICU result achievement globally.