Exploring The Prevalence And Underlying Causes Of Anemia In Hemodialysis Patients. A Cross-Sectional Study

Original Article

Abstract

Background: Anemia is a common complication among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those

who is on hemodialysis? It also has a marked effect on their Quality of Life and, with it, their morbidity-mobility. This research aimed to evaluate the frequency and incidence of Anemia in hemodialysis patients at IKD

Objectives: to find out the incidence and etiological factors responsible for Anemia in hemodialysis patients at IKD

Study design: A cross-sectional study

Duration and place of study. From 05- June 2023 to 05 Aug 2023, department of urology institute of kidney diseases Peshawar

Methods: Out of  200 hemodialysis patients of IKD Peshawar. Demographics, clinical parameters and laboratory values were collected. Anemia was characterized by hemoglobin <13 g/dL in men and

<12 g/dL for women. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation assisted by the p-value for determining significance.

Results: Out of 200 Patients had a mean age of 58.4 years (SD =12.6). 85% of patients had Anemia, with a mean hemoglobin 10.2 g/dL (SD 1.4) in anemic patients. The leading causes of anemia were iron deficiency (60%), inflammatory states (40%) and erythropoietin resistance(alone or in combinations) 25%, respectively. Anemia prevalence was significantly associated with all the comorbidities and increased hemodialysis duration.

Conclusion: Anemia is highly prevalent among hemodialysis patients at IKD, most often attributed to iron deficiency and inflammation. Treatments are effective as long the condition can be caught early, so regular monitoring is vital for a more favorable prognosis. Additional investigation is necessary to improve anemia care in this population.

Keywords: Anemia, Hemodialysis, Prevalence, Causes