Determinants and Causes of Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Study

Original Article

Abstract

Background:  Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stands out as a global public health issue defined by an individual's abrupt kidney dysfunction.

 Objectives: sought to establish the predisposing factors and causes of AKI in one hundred patients. The following is a presentation of this broader study’s results, aimed at outlining the demographics and causes of AKI among this populace.

 Study Design:  A Retrospective Study

Place and duration of study. Department of  Nephrology Miagul Abdulhaq Jahanzeb kidney hospital SWAT Six-month study period from May 1 to May 7, 2023

 Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with AKI during the period of one and half-year starting from January to July 2020 at Swat. Information was thus obtained from charts using patients’ demographic data, clinical features, laboratory investigations, underlying diseases, and outcomes. The study was conducted in compliance to established ethical procedures in order to protect the patients’ identities and data validity.

 Results: This concerned a group of 100 patients, and the following observations were made on them: The demographic majority were male, and their average age was 55 years. Clinical presentation: Oliguria 45% of the patients, Edema 30% of the patients Fatigue 25% of the patients Laboratory Diagnosis Serum creatinine average was 3. 2 mg/dl. Blood urea nitrogen average was 45mg/d Underlying Conditions: Comorbidities included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and sepsis. Of the above, hypertension was most common at 40% Others included diabetes mellitus at 35% and sepsis at 25% Outcomes: 60% of the patients recovered fully, 20% developed chronic diseases of the kidneys and the final 20% died.

Conclusion:  This study also found that hypertension, diabetes, and sepsis are some of the major determinants that predispose people to AKI. Timely screening and addressing of these diseases should be a priority to help decrease the AKI rate and enhance the Peshawar individuals’ well-being.

Keywords: acute Injury, Determinants, Causes