Determinants and Causes of Acute Kidney Injury A Cross-Sectional Descriptive And Quantitative Study

Original Article

Abstract

Background:  Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) stands out as a global public health issue defined by the

individuals’ abrupt kidney dysfunction.

Objectives: to establish the predisposing factors and causes of AKI in one hundred patients. The following is a presentation of the results of this broader study, which outlines the demographics and causes of AKI among this populace.

Study Design: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive And Quantitative Study.

Place and duration of study. Department of Nephrology Miagul Abdulhaq Jahanzeb Kidney Hospital swat., Six months study period from 05-01 to 05-07, 2023

Methods: The current research was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study conducted on 100 patients diagnosed with AKI for one and half years, starting from 05-01 to 05-07, 2023 at Swat. Information was thus obtained from charts using patients' demographic data, clinical features, laboratory investigations, underlying diseases, and outcomes. The study complied with established ethical procedures to protect the patients' identities and data validity.

Results: 100 patients  the following observations were made on them  The demographics majority were male, and their average Age was 55. Clinical Presentation: Oliguria in 45% of the patients, Edema in 30%, and Fatigue in 25% of the patients. Laboratory Diagnosis Serum creatinine average was 3. 2mg/dl, and Blood urea nitrogen average was 45mg/d. Underlying Conditions: Comorbidities included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and sepsis, and of the above, hypertension was most common at 40%. Others included diabetes mellitus at 35% and sepsis at 25%. Outcomes: 60% of the patients recovered fully, 20% developed chronic diseases with kidneys, and the final 20% died.

Conclusion: This study also found that hypertension, diabetes, and sepsis are some of the major determinants that predispose people to AKI. Timely screening and addressing these diseases should be a priority to help decrease the AKI rate and enhance the Peshawar individuals' well-being.

Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury, Determinants, Causes